*Why Do Millions Participate in the Arbaeen Pilgrimage? The History and Roots of Arbaeen**  


The Arbaeen of Imam Hussain (AS) is one of the largest religious gatherings in the world, attracting millions of people from across the globe to the holy city of Karbala each year. Held on the 20th of Safar, this ceremony marks the 40th day after the martyrdom of Imam Hussain (AS) and his loyal companions in the tragedy of Karbala. But what factors have made Arbaeen the world’s largest religious gathering, and where does its history originate?  


### The History of Arbaeen: The First Pilgrims  


The roots of Arbaeen trace back to the days following the events of Ashura. Historical sources mention that Jabir ibn Abdullah al-Ansari, a companion of the Prophet (PBUH), was the first to visit the grave of Imam Hussain (AS) on the 40th day after his martyrdom. From then on, the Arbaeen pilgrimage became a significant tradition among Shia Muslims. Over the centuries, despite various ruling powers and even bans, this tradition never faded.  


### Why is Arbaeen Significant?  


Arbaeen is not merely a religious ritual—it symbolizes resistance against oppression and the revival of human values. Imam Hussain (AS) stood up in Karbala to defend justice, human dignity, and the true teachings of Islam. The presence of millions of pilgrims in this ceremony represents a renewal of commitment to these values. For Shia Muslims, the Arbaeen pilgrimage signifies loyalty to the Imam and the continuation of his path.  


### Reasons Behind the Massive Turnout at Arbaeen  


1. Spiritual and Moral Message: Arbaeen offers an opportunity for spiritual purification, reflection on human values, and strengthening faith.  

2. Social Solidarity: Millions of people from different nationalities and languages walk together, symbolizing unity and peace.  

3. Unparalleled Acts of Service: Volunteer-run *mawkibs* (rest stations) along the route from Najaf to Karbala provide food, water, medical aid, and even places to rest. This spirit of selflessness makes Arbaeen a unique experience.  

4. The Global Message of Ashura: In a world still plagued by injustice, Arbaeen serves as a reminder of the struggle against oppression and broadcasts a message of justice to humanity.  


### Arbaeen Today: The Largest Human Gathering  


According to estimates, over 20 million pilgrims from different countries participate in this event annually. Many walk the approximately 80-kilometer route from Najaf to Karbala—a journey that symbolizes love and devotion to Imam Hussain (AS). This massive gathering is unparalleled not only in numbers but also in its spiritual, cultural, and humanitarian dimensions.  


### Arbaeen in Islamic Tradition  


The Arbaeen pilgrimage is highly recommended in the teachings of the Ahlul Bayt (AS). Imam Ja’far al-Sadiq (AS) mentions in a hadith that one of the signs of a true believer is performing the Arbaeen pilgrimage. This underscores its special place in Shia tradition.  


### Final Words  


Arbaeen is not just a religious observance—it is a global movement upholding values such as freedom, justice, sacrifice, and compassion. Despite hardships, millions embark on this spiritual journey to renew their pledge to Imam Hussain (AS) and his ideals. This grand gathering grows more passionate each year, carrying an eternal message: "Hayhat minna al-dhilla!" (Never to humiliation!)